Anatomical Muscled Knee Bone Joint Model

Anatomical Muscled Knee Bone Joint Model

knee joint model - click on the image below for more information.

• Muscled Knee Anatomical Model
• Brand New
• Life Size. Anatomically accurate
• Sturdy attractive white display stand. Detailed Educational Key Card
• One Year Warranty. 100% Money Back Guarantee.

Muscled Knee Anatomical Model LFA # 1060:
Full size normal Right Knee includes: rectus femoris, vastus lateralis and vastus medialis muscles, femur, fibula, patella and tibia bones; anterior cruciate ligament, quadriceps femoris tendon plus six more ligaments and tendons. Model size: 3-1/2" x 3" x 10" Education Card size: 5-1/4" x 6-1/2" Ideal for clinical display and consumer education Suitable for Orthopaedics, Chiropractic Medicine, general anatomical study, podiatry, training for surgical dissection, sports medicine, or for patient education/demonstration of procedures. Quantity discount available. Brand new. In original factory packaging. Made of a durable, plastic material accurately designed and colored to represent the major str

Anatomical Muscled Knee Bone Joint Model

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Functional Knee Joint Model A82

knee joint model - click on the image below for more information.

• Life-size functional model
• Model demonstrates flexion, extension, and internal/external rotation
• Includes flexible artificial ligaments
• Removable from stand

Life-size functional model demonstrates flexion, extension, and internal/external rotation. Includes flexible artificial ligaments. Life-size, removable from stand.

Functional Knee Joint Model A82

Click on the button for more knee joint model information and reviews.

Pilates: Relief For Back And Joint Pain.
Pilates Exercise Photos And Detailed Descriptions For Back and Joint Pain Relief!
Pilates: Relief For Back And Joint Pain.

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Article by hi joiney

Human anatomy Articular surfaces of femur Articular surfaces of tibia The knee is a complex compound condyloid variety of a synovial joint It actually comprises three functional compartments the femoropatellar articulation consists of the patella or kneecap and the patellar groove on the front of the femur through which it slides and the medial and lateral femorotibial articulations linking the femur or thigh bone with the tibia the main bone of the lower leg The joint is bathed in synovial fluid which is contained inside the synovial membrane called the joint capsule Upon birth a baby will not have a conventional knee cap but a growth formed of cartilage In human females this turns to a normal bone knee cap by the age of 3 in males the age of 5 Articular bodies The articular bodies of the femur are its lateral and medial condyles These diverge slightly distally and posteriorly with the lateral condyle being wider in front than at the back while the medial condyle is of more constant width The radius of the condyles curvature in the sagittal plane becomes smaller toward the back This diminishing radius produces a series of involute midpoints i e located on a spiral The resulting series of transverse axes permit the sliding and rolling motion in the flexing knee while ensuring the collateral ligaments are sufficiently lax to permit the rotation associated with the curvature of the medial condyle about a vertical axis The pair of tibial condyles are separated by the intercondylar eminence composed of a lateral and a medial tubercle The patella is inserted into the thin anterior wall of the joint capsule On its posterior surface is a lateral and a medial articular surface both of which communicate with the patellar surface which unites the two femoral condyles on the anterior side of the bone s distal end A common disease found in the knee is Tartas Articular capsule Lateral and posterior aspects of right knee Main article Articular capsule of the knee joint The articular capsule has a synovial and a fibrous membrane separated by fatty deposits Anteriorly the synovial membrane is attached on the margin of the cartilage both on the femur and the tibia but on the femur the suprapatellar bursa or recess extends the joint space proximally Behind the synovial membrane is attached to the margins of the two femoral condyles which produces two extensions similar to the anterior recess Between these two extensions the synovial membrane passes in front of the two cruciate ligaments at the center of the joint thus forming a pocket direct inward Bursae Main article Bursae of the knee joint Numerous bursae surround the knee joint The largest communicative bursa is the suprapatellar bursa described above Four considerably smaller bursae are located on the back of the knee Two non communicative bursae are located in front of the patella and below the patellar tendon and others are sometimes present Cartilage Cartilage is a thin elastic tissue that protects the bone and makes certain that the joint surfaces can slide easily over each other Cartilage ensures supple knee movement There are two types of joint cartilage in the knees fibrous cartilage the meniscus and hyaline cartilage Fibrous cartilage has tensile strength and can resist pressure Hyaline cartilage covers the surface along which the joints move Cartilage will wear over the years Cartilage has a very limited capacity for self restoration The newly formed tissue will generally consist for a large part of fibrous cartilage of lesser quality than the original hyaline cartilage As a result new cracks and tears will form in the cartilage over time Menisci The articular disks of the knee joint are called menisci because they only partly divide the joint space These two disks the medial meniscus and the lateral meniscus consist of connective tissue with extensive collagen fibers containing cartilage like cells Strong fibers run along the menisci from one attachment to the other while weaker radial fibers are interlaced with the former The menisci are flattened at the center of the knee joint fused with the synovial membrane laterally and can move over the tibial surface The menisci serve to protect the ends of the bones from rubbing on each other and to effectively deepen the tibial sockets into which the femur attaches They also play a role in shock absorption and may be cracked or torn when the knee is forcefully rotated and or bent Ligaments Anterolateral aspect of knee Anteromedial aspect of knee The ligaments surrounding the knee joint offer stability by limiting movements and together with several menisci and bursae protects the articular capsule Intracapsular The knee is stabilized by a pair of cruciate ligaments The anterior cruciate ligament ACL stretches from the lateral condyle of femur to the anterior intercondylar area The ACL is critically important because it prevents the tibia from being pushed too far anterior relative to the femur It is often torn during twisting or bending of the knee The posterior cruciate ligament PCL stretches from medial condyle of femur to the posterior intercondylar area Injury to this ligament is uncommon but can occur as a direct result of forced trauma to the ligament This ligament prevents posterior displacement of the tibia relative to the femur The transverse ligament stretches from the lateral meniscus to the medial meniscus It passes in front of the menisci Is divided into several strips in 10 of cases The two menisci are attached to each others anteriorly by the ligament The posterior and anterior meniscofemoral ligaments stretch from posterior horn of lateral meniscus to the medial femoral condyle They pass posteriorly behind the posterior cruciate ligament The posterior meniscofemoral ligament is more commonly present 30 both ligaments are present less often The meniscotibial ligaments or coronary stretches from inferior edges of the mensici to the periphery of the tibial plateaus Extracapsular The patellar ligament connects the patella to the tuberosity of the tibia It is also occasionally called the patellar tendon because there is no definite separation between the quadriceps tendon which surrounds the patella and the area connecting the patella to the tibia This very strong ligament helps give the patella its mechanical leverage and also functions as a cap for the condyles of the femur Laterally and medially to the patellar ligament the lateral and medial patellar retinacula connect fibers from the vasti lateralis and medialis muscles to the tibia Some fibers from the iliotibial tract radiates into the lateral retinaculum and the medial retinaculum receives some transverse fibers arising on the medial femoral epicondyle The medial collateral ligament MCL a k a tibial stretches from the medial epicondyle of the femur to the medial tibial condyle It is composed of three groups of fibers one stretching between the two bones and two fused with the medial meniscus The MCL is partly covered by the pes anserinus and the tendon of the semimembranosus passes under it It protects the medial side of the knee from being bent open by a stress applied to the lateral side of the knee a valgus force The lateral collateral ligament LCL a k a fibular stretches from the lateral epicondyle of the femur to the head of fibula It is separated from both the joint capsule or the lateral meniscus It protects the lateral side from an inside bending force a varus force Lastly there are two ligaments on the dorsal side of the knee The oblique popliteal ligament is a radiation of the tendon of the semimembranosus on the medial side from where it is direct laterally and proximally The arcuate popliteal ligament originates on the apex of the head of the fibula to stretch proximally crosses the tendon of the popliteus muscle and passes into the capsule Movements Maximum movements and muscles Extension 5 10 Flexion 120 150 Quadriceps with some assistance from the Tensor fasciae latae In order of importance Semimembranosus Semitendinosus Biceps femoris Gracilis Sartorius Popliteus Gastrocnemius Internal rotation 10 External rotation 30 40 In order of importance Semimembranosus Semitendinosus Gracilis Sartorius Popliteus Biceps femoris knee flexed 90 The knee permits flexion and extension about a virtually transversal axis as well as a slight medial and lateral rotation about the axis of the lower leg in the flexed position The knee joint is called mobile because the femur and menisci move over the tibia during rotation while the femur rolls and glides over the menisci during extension flexion The center of the transverse axis of the extension flexion movements is located where both collateral ligaments and both cruciate ligaments intersect This center moves upward and backward during flexion while the distance between the center and the articular surfaces of the femur changes dynamically with the decreasing curvature of the femoral condyles The total range of motion is dependent of several parameters such as soft tissue restraints active insufficiency and hamstring tightness Extended position With the knee extended both the lateral and medial collateral ligaments as well as the anterior part of the anterior cruciate ligament are taut During extension the femoral condyles glide into a position which causes the complete unfolding of the tibial collateral ligament During the last 10 of extension an obligatory terminal rotation is triggered in which the knee is rotated medially 5 The final rotation is produced by a lateral rotation of the tibia in the non weight bearing leg and by a medial rotation of the femur in the weight bearing leg This terminal rotation is made possible by the shape of the medial femoral condyle assisted by the iliotibial tract and is caused by the stretching of the anterior cruciate ligament Both cruciate ligaments are slightly unwinded and both lateral ligaments become taut Flexed position In the flexed position the collateral ligaments are relaxed while the cruciate ligaments are taut Rotation is controlled by the twisted cruciate ligaments the two ligaments get twisted around each other during medial rotation of the tibia which reduces the amount of rotation possible while they become unwounded during lateral rotation of the tibia Because of the oblique position of the cruciate ligaments at least a part of one of them is always tense and these ligaments control the joint as the collateral ligaments are relaxed Furthermore the dorsal fibers of the tibial collateral ligament become tensed during extreme medial rotation and the ligament also reduces the lateral rotation to 45 60 Blood supply Arteries of the knee The femoral artery and the popliteal artery help form the arterial network surrounding the knee joint articular rete There are 6 main branches 1 Superior medial genicular artery 2 Superior lateral genicular artery 3 Inferior medial genicular artery 4 Inferior lateral genicular artery 5 Descending genicular artery 6 Recurrent branch of anterior tibial artery The medial genicular arteries penetrate the knee joint Disorders and injury Knee pain is caused by trauma misalignment and degeneration as well as by conditions like arthritis The most common knee disorder is generally known as patellofemoral syndrome The majority of minor cases of knee pain can be treated at home with rest ice but more serious injuries do require surgical care One form of patellofemoral syndrome involves a tissue related problem that creates pressure and irritation in the knee between the patella and the trochlea patellar compression syndrome which causes pain The second major class of knee disorder involves a tear slippage or dislocation that impairs the structural ability of the knee to balance the leg patellofemoral instability syndrome Patellofemoral instability syndrome may cause either pain a sense of poor balance or both Age also contributes to disorders of the knee Particularly in older people knee pain frequently arises due to osteoarthritis In addition weakening of tissues around the knee may contribute to the problem Patellofemoral instability may relate to hip abnormalities or to tightness of surrounding ligaments Cartilage lesions can be caused by Accidents fractures Injuries The removal of a meniscus Anterior cruciate ligament injury Posterior cruciate ligament injury Considerable strain on the knee Any kind of work during which the knees undergo heavy stress may also be detrimental to cartilage This is especially the case in professions in which people frequently have to walk lift or squatting Other causes of pain may be excessive on and wear of the knees in combination with such things as muscle weakness and overweight Common complaints A painful blocked locked or swollen knee Sufferers sometimes feel as if their knees are about to give way or may feel uncertain about their movement The pain felt by people with cartilage injury does not come from the cartilage itself but from the irritated tissue surrounding the cartilage or from pieces of cartilage that have come loose If cartilage injury goes untreated the layer of cartilage will continue to gradually wear away causing arthrosis and gradual immobility Overall fitness and knee injury Physical fitness is related integrally to the development of knee problems The same activity such as climbing stairs may cause pain from patellofemoral compression for someone who is physically unfit but not for someone else or even for that person at a different time Obesity is another major contributor to knee pain For instance a 30 year old woman who weighed 120 lb at age 18 years before her 3 pregnancies and now weighs 285 lb had added 660 lb of force across her patellofemoral joint with each step Common injuries due to physical activity Model demonstrating parts of an artificial knee In sports that place great pressure on the knees especially with twisting forces it is common to tear one or more ligaments or cartilages Anter

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Head, Shoulders, Knees, and Toes


Image by mtsofan

What is your first thought of a very - and I mean very - tall people?

no one is responsible for their height , all u can do is to love the way u are. im short and i really love it, you are tall so you should love it. and dont care of people who staring at you they not any better than you, we all equals. as long as u have nice personality is all what right people care about.
im 5ft2we have tall people in my family. i'm the runt at less than 5'6, but sis is 6 ft, brother is 6'2. nephew is at least 6'8 & was tall enough as a kid that people thought he was more grown up than he was, just based on his height. they didn't think he should be playing like the other kids his age...he was same age, just a whole lot bigger. we had one relative who hit 7 ft. your height may get you attention, but it will be your personality that wins friends & they'll forget about your height after awhile (until they need something off a high shelf!). there's good and bad in just about any height, so try to like what you have. you can't hide it. there's nothing to be ashamed of in being tall or short. oh, my youngest son is 13 & taller than me all of a sudden. been thru 3 sizes of shoes this year, so guessing he'll be pretty tall when he's done growing. it'll be cool. i want him to enjoy whatever height he lands at...hoping he won't hit 7 ft, though. clothes & shoes would be too hard to find. i'd have to make them for him. :)I'm 5'2 and for the longest time hated being as short as I am. People say little things that aren't meant to hurt, but do, and I understand that. But people are kind of dumb by nature, so cut them some slack, they're probably not trying to be insensitive.

A good friend of mine is 6'2 (a girl) and often struggles with her height as well, but it is a lot of people's favorite thing about her - she stands out! You even have it a little easier because you're not struggling to meet a guy taller than you, hahaha :)

6'6 isn't freakishly tall, now 7 foot is getting there... but 6'6 - totally fine. A lot of girls probably really think you're attractive because of it. And you're 16, so you're major growth spurts are probably done. You'll probably gain an inch at the MOST by the time you're twenty.

As for the people being rude, next time someone asks you "Is it fun being a tower?" just say "Hell yes it is!" Confidence is key my man :)

Hope I helped, and best of luck :)

Knee Joint Model - Cruciate Ligaments & Mensici

This video was produced to help students of human anatomy at Modesto Junior College study our anatomical models.
Video Rating: 4 / 5

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Orignal From: Anatomical Muscled Knee Bone Joint Model